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Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, family
Tiliaceae.

Jute is one of the cheapest
natural fibres and is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of uses. Jute fibres are composed primarily of the plant materials cellulose (major component of plant fibre) and lignin (major components of wood fibre). It is thus a ligno-cellulosic fibre that is partially a textile fibre and partially wood. It falls into the bast fibre category (fibre collected from bast or skin of the plant) along with kenaf, industrial hemp, flax (linen), ramie, etc. The industrial term for jute fibre is raw jute. The fibres are off-white to brown, and 1–4 meters (3–12 feet) long.

Jute fibre is often called
hessian; jute fabrics are also called hessian cloth and jute sacks are called gunny bags in some European countries. The fabric made from jute is popularly known as burlap in North America.

For centuries, jute has been an integral part of culture of
Bengal, from West Bengal in India to Bangladesh. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, much of the raw jute fibre of Bengal was exported to the United Kingdom, where it was then processed in mills concentrated in Dundee. Initially, due to its texture, it could only be processed by hand until it was discovered in that city that treating it with whale oil, it could be treated by machine. The industry boomed ("jute weaver" was a recognised trade occupation in the 1901 UK census), but this trade had largely ceased by about 1970 due to the appearance of synthetic fibres.

Features
Jute fibre is 100% bio-degradable and recyclable and thus environmentally friendly.

It is a natural fibre with golden and silky shine and hence called The Golden Fibre.

It is the cheapest vegetable fibre procured from the bast or skin of the plant's stem.

It is the second most important vegetable fibre after cotton, in terms of usage, global consumption, production, and availability.

It has high tensile strength, low extensibility, and ensures better breathability of fabrics. Therefore, jute is very suitable in
  agricultural commodity bulk packaging.

It helps to make best quality industrial yarn, fabric, net, and sacks. It is one of the most versatile natural fibres that has been
  used in raw materials for packaging, textiles, non-textile, construction, and agricultural sectors. Bulking of yarn results in a
  reduced breaking tenacity and an increased breaking extensibility when blended as a ternary blend.

Unlike the hemp fiber, jute is not a form of cannabis.

The best source of jute in the world is the Bengal Delta Plain in the Ganges Delta, most of which is occupied by Bangladesh